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Furniture refers to movable objects designed to support various individual activities such as seating (e.g., recliners, stools, and sofas), eating (furniture), and sleeping (e.g., beds). Furniture is also used to hold items at a convenient level for work (as horizontal floors above the bottom, such as desks and tables), or even to store things (e.g., cupboards and racks). Furniture can be considered a product of design and is known as a kind of decorative art. In addition to furniture's useful role, it can serve a symbolic or religious purpose. It could be made from many materials, including steel, plastic, and timber. Furniture can be produced using a variety of woodworking joint parts which often represent the local culture.People have been using natural items, such as tree stumps, stones and moss, as furniture because the beginning of human being civilisation. Archaeological research demonstrates from around 30,000 years ago, people began constructing and carving their own furniture, using timber, stone, and pet bones. Early on furniture out of this period is well known from artwork like a Venus figurine found in Russia, depicting the goddess on the throne. The first surviving extant furniture is in the homes of Skara Brae in Scotland, and includes cupboards, dressers and bedrooms all constructed from stone. Complex engineering techniques such as joinery began in the first dynastic period of historic Egypt. This period saw constructed wooden portions, including stools and desks, sometimes embellished with valuable metals or ivory. The progression of furniture design continuing in ancient Greece and traditional Rome, with thrones being commonplace as well as the klinai, multipurpose couches used for relaxing, eating, and sleeping. The furniture of the Middle Age groups was usually heavy, oak, and ornamented. Furniture design expanded during the Italian Renaissance of the fourteenth and fifteenth century. The seventeenth century, in both Southern and North Europe, was seen as a opulent, often gilded Baroque designs. The nineteenth century is usually described by revival styles. The first three-quarters of the twentieth hundred years are often viewed as the march towards Modernism. One unique outgrowth of post-modern furniture design is a return to natural figures and textures.SD SAIM Surabaya: Kunjungan kelas 4 2011/2012 ke Gedung Bersejarah
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